ABBREVIATION AS PRODUCTIVE WAY OF WORD-FORMATION                                         IN HISTORY OF EUROPEAN LANGUAGES 

Blokh Mark Yakovlevich, Doctor of philological sciences, professor, head of sub-department of English language grammar, Moscow Pedagogical University (Building 1, 1 Malaya Pirogovskaya street, Moscow, Russia), blmy@mail.ru
Sergeeva Tat'yana Sergeevna, Postgraduate student, Moscow Pedagogical University (Building 1, 1 Malaya Pirogovskaya street, Moscow, Russia), ctc-91@mail.ru 

8; 81'373 

Background. Abbreviation as one of the most productive ways of wordformation plays an integral role in the cultural and public life of modern nations. Demonstration of the historical strengthening of the reduced nominations system allows us to fill some gaps in scientific understanding of the abbreviated derivation method in linguistics and adjacent disciplines, especially in sociology and cultural studies. The purpose of the article is to identify the major stages of abbreviation; consider the reasons for creation of reduced units, as well as to determine the meaning of abbreviations in the vocabulary of European languages in the modern linguistic situation.
Materials and methods. The research tasks were achieved through the use of works in the field of symbolic systems, cognitive linguistics and linguistic pragmatics, sociolinguistics, the theory of abbreviation, typology of abbreviated nominations and pragmalinguistic analysis of the original English abbreviations. The methodological potential includes the structural and systematic method, the importance of which is obvious in analyzing structural and semantic forms of the functional content of the facts; the comparative-historical method, which allows to identify and compare the levels in development of the linguistic phenomenon and changes in it.
Results. The stages of historical development of abbreviation from the dawn of the ancient civilization to the present day situation was investigated. The intralinguistic and extralinguistic causes of the appearance and spread of abbreviation were worked out.
Conclusions. Learning the main stages of the abbreviation formation helps us to understand that the given derivation method has experienced a long way of its progressive development, responding to the increasingly urgent and expanding needs of the developing society. 

abbreviation, abbreviated nominations, abbreviation creation causes, suspension, contractures, title way of abbreviation, truncated words, initial abbreviations. 

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